Research on Brucellosis disease

Microbes: The Environment cleaner

Anthropogenic forces like petroleum spills and the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, have caused an accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the environment which causes pollution. The accumulation of petroleum and its derivatives now constitutes an important environmental problem. Biocatalysts presents new ways to advance the development of bioremediation approaches. The present-day application of molecular tools to bio catalysis may progress bio prospecting research, enzyme yield recovery, and enzyme specificity. Enzymatic remediation is a valuable alternative as it can be easier to work with than whole organisms, especially in extreme environments. Furthermore, the use of free enzymes avoids the release of exotic or genetically modified organisms (GMO) in the environment.

Numerous microorganisms, such as bacteria, cyanobacteria, green algae, and fungi, are capable of degrading different components of petroleum under different environmental conditions (e.g., aerobic and anaerobic conditions at varied salinities and pHs). The enzymatic apparatus provides these capabilities to microorganisms. Petroleum degradation occurs gradually by sequential metabolism of its compounds. The genes involved in degrading petroleum enzyme production located on chromosomal or plasmid DNA

Their genetic diversity contributes to the metabolic versatility of microorganisms for the conversion of contaminants into less-toxic products, which are then incorporated into natural biogeochemical cycles. The chief benefit of the contaminant-degrading process is the complete mineralisation of compounds, as well as biomass formation which is caused by the microbes.

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